Lecture on Archaeoastronomy

A friend of mine, Bill Hoffman, has written the following account of a recent lecture at Kendal. With his permission I am putting it on our blog.

Dr. Michael Mickelson, J. Reid Anderson Emeritus Professor of Physics at Denison University, talked with Kendal at Granville residents on Wednesday, 9 March, about “Archaeoastromony.” Archaeoastronomy (also spelled archeoastronomy) is the study of how people in the past have understood phenomena in the sky, how they used phenomena in the sky and what role the sky played in their cultures.

The topic is one of local interest because the Newark Earthworks is some six miles to the East of Kendal at Granville. Granville also has a particular interest in the “Alligator Mound,” within the Village limits, and one of many small satellite circle mounds on the Kendal site – all part of the greater Earthworks complex. The Earthworks, which include the very large ‘octagon & circle’ [incorporates a golf course] and ‘great circle’ mounds, are attributed to the Hopewell culture dating some 2000 years before the present (BP). They have a complex lunar alignment, not discovered until about 1980. For more information, see http://ohsweb.ohiohistory.org/places/c08/greatcircle.shtml

Dr. Mickelson talked of sites all over the world that have solar and lunar orientations, notably Stonehenge and the Parthenon, and many of greater age, perhaps to at least 6000 BP. He did not discuss particular Egyptian or meso-American pyramids but they too have astronomical orientations.

It is curious that most temples and other important structures in Greece & Turkey have clear directional East/West axes – the rising and setting of the sun and moon – whereas Roman buildings are, in the main, without identifiable directional orientation, like ours; look at most of our curving sub-divisions. Some religious structures do still follow specific directional orientations.

Dr. Mickelson’s talk was part of an ongoing Speaker/Lecture series at Kendal at Granville with presentations occurring at least twice monthly. His presentation was based on his own work and that of his undergraduate students, primarily in the area of the eastern Mediterranean .